The microbiome of a person changes when emigrating to the US

The microbiome of a person changes when emigrating to the US https://i0.wp.com/www.eresviral.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/El-microbioma-de-una-persona-cambia-al-emigrar-a-EEUU.jpg?fit=220%2C146&ssl=1

The microbiome of a person changes when emigrating to the US







The United States is the country that hosts the largest number of immigrants, who make up about 13.5% of the population. When they arrive in the North American country, they experience many changes in their lives, including those that affect their intestinal flora.



Researchers from the University of Minnesota, in collaboration with the Somali, Latino and Hmong Association for Health and Well-being (SoLaHmo), have shown that the set of microbes that live in the intestine of some immigrants from Southeast Asia change shortly after establishing themselves in the North American country, mainly because of changes in diet and new lifestyle.



"We have discovered that immigrants begin to lose their original microbes immediately after arriving in the US. Then, they acquire other microbes more common in the American or European population, "explains the biologist from the University of Minnesota, Dan Knights. "However, the new microbes are not enough to compensate for the loss of the natives of their countries of origin, so we observe a total loss of diversity."



In general, people living in developing countries have a greater diversity of bacteria in the intestine than American citizens, "but it is curious that they reduce it by migrating to the United States," says Knights.







Diet is one of the factors that cause the change in the microbiome. (Photo: Flickr)



The study involved 516 people from the Hmong and Karen ethnic minorities (originally from China and Burma and now also in Thailand), who represent the largest refugee community in Southeast Asia in Minnesota. In particular, the microbiome of citizens living in Thailand was compared with those who have migrated to the US, including in the sample the first and second generation of immigrants. The researchers also followed 19 people during their first six months in the new home and analyzed the intestinal microbes of 36 Americans born in Europe.



According to the study, the changes in the composition were even more pronounced in the children. "We do not know with certainty why this happens. It could be related to the fact that they are born in the US or grow up in the context of the American diet. What is clear is that the loss of diversity is a component that is maintained throughout the generations. It's something that had been seen before in animal models, but not in humans, "says Knights.



Regarding whether the results are extended to other migrants, the researcher points out: "With the data of the study we can not know with certainty if the same thing happens to other immigrant communities. But considering that we have confirmed the results in two different ethnic minorities that come from two different locations in Asia, we could see a similar trend in other groups. "



According to the authors, the results obtained could shed light on some health problems related to metabolism, such as obesity or diabetes, which affects immigrants in the country.



"When you move to a new country you acquire a new microbiome. And that not only changes what species of microbes you have, but also modifies the enzymes, which can affect the type of food you can digest and how your diet influences your health, "says Knights. In order to establish a relationship between diet and change in the microbiome, the researchers recorded the participants' meals and analyzed the macronutrients they ingested with the food.



Thus, although the study does not establish a cause-effect relationship between changes in the microbiome of immigrants and the epidemic of obesity that affects these communities, it does show a correlation: the greater westernization of the microbiome, the greater the obesity. "This association could be an interesting line of research for future treatments against obesity, both for immigrants and the general population," the researcher says. (Source: SINC)

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