The Largest Telescope in the World
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The Largest Telescope in the World
The "Extremely Large European Telescope" (E-ELT by its English name "European Extremely Large Telescope"), will become the largest optical / near-infrared telescope on Earth with its 42.4 m diameter and almost 1,000 segments of hexagonal mirrors, surpassing its optical predecessor the "Gran Telescopio Canarias" with 10.4 m in diameter and 36 hexagonal mirrors.
Main objectives:
· Detect Earth-like planets (located in habitability zone (neither very cold nor very hot), mass like Earth's and liquid water).
· Detect planets similar to Jupiter (large, massive and gaseous).
· Observe the most distant objects in the Universe more clearly than the Hubble Space Telescope.
· Do detailed studies of galaxies, measuring their sizes, speeds, masses and amount of dark matter.
· Directly measure the acceleration of the expansion of the Universe.
· Measure Distances in the Universe, among many more objectives.
Features:
· You will be able to observe wavelengths of visible light and near infrared.
· 42 meters in diameter in conjunction with all its hexagonal mirrors.
· Almost 1,000 hexagonal mirrors, each with 1.4m width and 50mm thickness.
· 5 unusual mirrors that no other telescope has.
· One of the mirrors will have more than 5,000 actuators that can distort their shape thousands of times per second
· It will weigh about 5,000 t and measure 80 m in height with a hemispherical dome with around 100 m in diameter.
· You will get 15 times more light than your predecessor.
· It will take 15 times sharper images than the Hubble Space Telescope.
· Its angular resolution will be between .001 and .6 seconds of arc depending on the observed objective and the instruments used.
· Its focal length will be 420 and 840 m (f / 10 - f / 20).
· Altazimuth mount to move the telescope either vertically or horizontally.
Where will it be built?
It will be built in the region of Antofagasta, Chile; more specifically in the Cerro Armazones located in the Sierra Vicuña Mackenna of the Cordillera de la Costa and approximately 130 km from the city of Antofagasta.
The Cerro de Armazones is a privileged area for astronomy, since it has almost 350 clear nights per year and is located at an altitude of 3,064 meters above sea level, which favors a better optical and infrared vision due to the lower concentration of the atmosphere. altitude than in other lower ones.
The Cerro Armazones Astronomical Observatory, the Catholic University of the North and the University of Bochum have 3 telescopes: 1.5 m, 84 cm and 41 cm in diameter, respectively.
When will it be built?
It only remains to hope that the Council of the European Southern Observatory (ESO) decides in December whether to approve the financing of the great project, although everything points to no turning back.
If the European Extremely Large Telescope is approved, its construction is expected to begin in 2012 and is expected to be completed in 2018, being fully operational in 2022.
How much will it cost?
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| Overwhelmingly Large Telescope |
Initially for this project it was planned to build the so-called "Overwhelmingly Large Telescope", which as its name implies would be overwhelmingly large since it would have 100 meters in diameter of its mirrors as a whole, more than twice as much as the European Extremely Large Telescope will have (42 m), all this would imply a lot of cost that the 16 investor countries of the European Southern Observatory will not be willing to pay, some € 2,500'000,000 (around US $ 3,606'750,000).
*** ( With the exchange rate rate of € 1 = US $ 1.4427 of June 29, 2011) ***
Instead, we opted for the construction of a telescope less than half the size that was initially thought, lowering the cost of construction, so that the cost of the European Extremely Large Telescope will be € 1,055,000,000 (around US). $ 1,522'048,500), this being less than half the budget of the other.
Conclusion:
The European Extremely Large Telescope will be a feat of engineering and technology, also allowing us to have a new window to the Universe, an unprecedented window that will be 15 times sharper than Hubble, which will allow us to discover, study and understand new mysteries of the Universe, which the more we know the more questions we ask ourselves, and the more we understand it, the more we understand our situation and position as a human being on a planet Earth as insignificance before the majesty of the Cosmos.
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