The establishment of a universal forensic DNA database
The establishment of a universal forensic DNA database
.In view of several recent high-profile successes of captured criminals applying genomic data of public access and the promise of wider use in future forensic investigations, James Hazel and his colleagues advocate in a Policy Forum for the establishment of a database universal forensic DNA for law enforcement purposes.
Recently, publicly available genomic databases belonging to consumer-oriented genomic companies, such as GEDmatch, have been used to identify alleged killers by linking the DNA of the crime scene with the genetic information provided by the members of their family.
However, outside of databases open to the public, a citation is all that is generally required to access commercial databases, medical care or research maintained privately. According to Hazel et al., The number of requests for private data by law enforcement agencies is likely to increase as this method is applied more widely.
While DNA is a powerful tool for solving crimes, there is great uncertainty about the extent to which law enforcement agencies should be able to obtain and use public and private sets of genomic data. According to the authors, the development of a "universal forensic database" could alleviate some of the challenges and controversies surrounding the use of genomic data to solve crimes.
The authors suggest that this database would overcome the biases inherent in current forensic databases, which largely come from arrested or convicted persons and that, in general, represent young non-white populations, while populations from the grassroots Genetic data of consumers are predominantly white.
In addition, the authors suggest that the database could contain only a small subset of the individual's genetic markers and reveal much less sensitive medical information. Despite the advantages, Hazel et al., Point out that the creation of such a large database would probably be costly and would require a large amount of legislative oversight, as well as restrictions for law enforcement agencies. However, they argue that the social and economic benefits of a productive system, less discriminatory and with greater privacy would outweigh its costs. (Source: AAAS)
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