Looking at Yutu's eye
Looking at Yutu's eye
For him CloudSat science teamGetting a view inside the eye of a typhoon is not something that happens every day.
The total surface area of the Earth is 510 million square kilometers (197 million square miles); The penetration radar of the satellite cloud sees only 1.4 square kilometers at a time. Meanwhile, the eyes Typhoons and hurricanes usually range between 30 and 65 kilometers.
For CloudSat, tropical cyclone grazing is relatively common. The satellite reached 1,000 kilometers from tropical cyclone centers more than 10,000 times since the mission began in 2006. But for the systems that reached typhoon strengthSteps higher than 25 kilometers from the center of the storm have occurred only 42 times. The overpasses of the main storms, those with sustained winds of more than 178 kilometers per hour, are even more rare. That has happened only 19 times.
"With so many failures nearby, it's exciting to see directly in the heart of a storm," he said. Natalie tourville, a research meteorologist at Colorado State University who has compiled a database of all CloudSat storm passes.
the Moderate resolution image spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Aqua satellite captured the first image at 1:10 p.m. (05:10 universal time) on October 28, 2018. Fifteen minutes earlier, CloudSat bypassed Yutu's eye as the storm approached the Philippines. The second image shows a cross section of CloudSat: what the storm would look like if it had been cut close to the center and seen from the side.
At that time, Yutu had sustained winds of 220 kilometers (140 miles) per hour and a minimum barometric pressure of 933 millibars, which is equivalent to a Category 4 storm. However, it weakened after crashing in the Mariana Islands and moving over a relatively cool area of water.
The darker blues in the CloudSat data represent areas where clouds and raindrops reflected the strongest signal to the satellite's radar. These areas had the highest rainfall and the largest water drops. The blue horizontal line through the data is the level of fusion; the ice particles were present on him, the raindrops under him. Notice how the radar detects more signal immediately below this line. (The exception is when raindrops are particularly large, in these areas, such as the center of the storm, CloudSat loses the signal).
"Cloudsat radar revealed the free eye of cirrus and an outer slope glasses, a characteristic that is typically found in intense tropical systems, "said Tourville. "The southern part of the eyewall seems more disorganized, as the thicker clouds are beginning to disintegrate from top to bottom." The clouds of Yutu rose to about 14 kilometers (9 miles) in altitude at its highest point, high enough for a tropical cyclone.
In February 2018, the mission engineers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory gone down The orbit of the satellite aged from 705 kilometers (440 miles) on the surface to 688 kilometers due to the loss of one of its four reaction wheels, devices that help control the orientation of the ship.
Another Earth observation satellite, Cloud-aerosol LIDAR and infrared satellite observation (CALIPSO), recently joined CloudSat in something that orbital engineers dubbed the "C-Train orbit". CALIPSO and CloudSat now fly only 4 kilometers (2 miles) away, 9 seconds of flight time.
Like CloudSat, CALIPSO also has a narrow track and collects data on the vertical structure of the atmosphere. It excels in the detection of especially fine-grained ice particles, aerosol sprays, and the water drops. For several years, CloudSat and CALIPSO flew close to each other as part of the constellation of the afternoon, or A-train of satellites, a strategic type of flight training designed to maximize the scientific value of data collected by Earth observation satellites.
Image of the NASA Earth Observatory by Joshua Stevens, using MODIS data from NASA EOSDIS / LANCE and GIBS / Worldviewand the CloudSat data provided by the CloudSat team at Colorado State University. Story of Adam Voiland.
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