"Opposition" in Astronomy
"Opposition" in Astronomy
What is called "Opposition" in Astronomy?
Opposition is the event that occurs between two stars when they are in a diametrically opposite position in the sky with respect to the Earth, forming an angle of 180 degrees between the star (planet or moon), Earth and the Sun.
The Earth is at the center between the star and the Sun at an angle of 180 °.
An opposition can occur only between the Sun and the outer planets (Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) and also between the Sun and the Moon. When this phenomenon occurs the earth is between the Sun and the planet or between the Sun and the Moon, so it is said that the planet in question is in "opposition to the Sun".
The opposing planet passes through the meridian of the place at midnight and is at its closest point to Earth, so its size is apparently larger, allowing it to be seen in better conditions through observation equipment. .
If the opposition occurs near the planet's Perihelion (closest point of the planet's orbit around the Sun), the distance from the planet to the Earth is minimal and observation with telescopes to that planet may be the best of the year; On the other hand, if the opposition occurs near the Afelio of the planet (the point farthest from the orbit of the planet around the Sun), observation with telescopes can be very unfavorable.
Today April 28, 2013, the planet Saturn is in Opposition with respect to the Sun, so it will make its closest approach to Earth and will appear larger and brighter than in the rest of the year. After sunset you can see Saturn appear, which will rise almost to the zenith at midnight and will stay up there all the rest of the night. This planet in opposition to the Sun is almost twice as bright as a star of the first magnitude, which will also make it very easy to locate it in the celestial vault.
Opposition of Saturn with respect to Earth and the Sun.
Saturn is found these days in the constellation of Virgo, very close to the bright Spica or Espiga (the Alpha star of Virgo).
As the movement of translation of the Earth and the planets around the Sun is not uniform but follows the Law of the areas of Kepler, the time elapsed between two oppositions varies. If the average value is calculated, the previous value is found.
Oppositions of Saturn until the year 2029 with the positions of the rings with respect to the terrestrial observer.
Click on the image to zoom.
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