How Russia could one day shoot down an F-22, F-35 or B-2 Stealth Bomber
How Russia could one day shoot down an F-22, F-35 or B-2 Stealth Bomber
"The fact that something is technically possible does not make it tactically feasible," said an Air Force officer with extensive experience in stealth aircraft.
As tensions between Washington and Moscow increase, the Russian army warns the United States that it has the ability to attack stealth aircraft such as the Raptor Lockheed Martin F-22, the Joint Attack Fighter F-35 and the Spirit Northrop Grumman. B-2 that could be operating on Syria with the Almaz-Antey S-400 (NATO: SA-21 Growler) and the newcomers S-300V4 (NATO: SA-23 Gladiator) air defense and missile systems. But nevertheless, Western defense officers Y the analysts are skeptical and keep in mind that both the F-22 and the F-35 were Designed specifically to counteract the Russians Weapons developed.
(This one appeared for the first time in 2016.)
"The Russian S-300, S-400 air defense systems deployed in Syria's Hmeymim and Tartus have combat ranks that can surprise any unidentified air target," said Russian Defense Ministry spokesman Major General Igor Konashenkov. . Sputnik, Russian state media . "The operators of the Russian air defense systems will not have time to identify the origin of the air attacks, and the response will be immediate. Any illusion about "invisible" planes will inevitably be crushed by the disappointing reality. "
However, although Moscow makes bold claims about the counterattack capabilities of its S-400 and S-300V4 air defense systems, the fact remains that even if Russian low-frequency search and acquisition radars can detect and track tactical aircraft from Hunting the size of a fighter. Like the F-22 or F-35, fire control radars operating in the C, X, and Ku bands can not paint low observation (LO) jets, except in very close ranges. Stealth is not, and never has been, invisibility, but it offers a very delayed detection so that a fighter or a bomber can attack a target and leave before the enemy has time to react.
Tactical combat combat furtive aircraft must be optimized to defeat higher frequency bands, such as the C, X, and Ku bands, which is just a matter of physics. There is a "step change" in the signature of an LO aircraft once the wavelength of the frequency exceeds a certain threshold and causes a resonant effect. Normally, that resonance occurs when a characteristic in an airplane, such as a tail fin or the like, is less than eight times the size of a particular frequency wavelength. Hunting-size furtive aircraft that do not have the size or weight allowed for two or more feet of radar absorbing material on all surfaces are forced to make exchanges regarding the frequency bands for which they are optimized.
That means that radars that operate in a lower frequency band, such as parts of the S or L band, are able to detect and track certain stealth aircraft. But, ultimately, to counteract the lower frequency radars, you need a larger flying wing stealth design like the Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit or the B-21 Raider, which lacks many of the features that they cause a resonance effect. But at UHF and VHF wavelengths, designers do not try to make the plane invisible, but engineers hope to create a radar cross section that mixes with the background noise inherent in low-speed radars. frequency.
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However, low frequency radars can be used to indicate fire control radars. In addition, some American adversaries have begun to make an effort to develop targeting radars operating at lower frequencies. However, those low frequency fire control radars exist only in theory, and are far from being placed.
"Stealth is 'delayed detection' and that delay is getting shorter, SAM (surface to air missile) radars are changing their frequencies to lower frequency bands where stealth from the United States is less effective," said Mark Gammon. , manager of programs F / A-18E / F and EA-18G of Boeing for advanced capabilities, he had told me a long time ago . "Early warning radars are in the VHF spectrum, where stealth has limited, if it has any capacity. These radars are networked to SAM radars, which gives SAM radars the signal search. "
But low frequency radars do not provide a "quality weapon" clue needed to guide a missile towards a target. Several techniques have been proposed for using low frequency radars for such purposes, but none of them is likely to be viable. Colonel Michael Pietrucha of the United States Air Force had described to me a possible approach to achieve such an achievement in an article I wrote for Week of aviation and space technology A few years ago. However, officers of the United States Air Force dismissed the technique. "The fact that something is technically possible does not make it tactically feasible," said an Air Force officer with extensive experience in stealth aircraft.
Meanwhile, the operational pilots of the Raptor tell me that "it would be really classified to discuss tactics against specific SAMs", however, the F-22 is more than capable of defeating any of the current Russian systems of surface-to-air missiles that are currently found or projected. to be placed Hopefully, we will not have to discover how effective the Raptor really is during a shooting war over Syria, since conflicts can quickly get out of control, as history loves to teach us again and again.
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