Extracts of quinoa and fenugreek: possible allies against excess weight

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Extracts of quinoa and fenugreek: possible allies against excess weight







A recent work, by a group of the Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM) in the Research Institute of Food Sciences (CIAL) (Spain), has shown that, under in vitro conditions, extracts obtained from seeds Quinoa and fenugreek are able to block the digestion of fats.



The work, published in Food Chemistry, shows how from these vegetable sources it is possible to obtain concentrated extracts in compounds such as saponins and polyphenols, potentially inhibitors of the enzyme responsible for the digestion of fats (pancreatic lipase).



"We observed that all the extracts that we had obtained under different extraction conditions had the ability to inhibit lipase. But those with the highest content of saponins and polyphenols showed greater effectiveness in inhibiting this enzyme, "explains Diana Martín, a researcher at the Department of Applied Physical Chemistry at the UAM and coordinator of the study.



The researchers also evaluated the inhibitory activity of the extracts using different in vitro protocols. "Specifically, we compared a traditional and simple enzyme inhibition protocol with respect to another protocol simulating the gastrointestinal tract environment and the physiological digestion of fats," explains Joaquín Navarro del Hierro, a researcher from the same department and co-author of the study.







Inhibition of digestive enzymes by extracts of quinoa and fenugreek. (Photo: Adapted from Navarro del Hierro, J., Herrera, T., Fornari, T., Reglero, G., & Martin, D. (2018) Journal of Functional Foods, 40, 484-497)



"Thus," continues the researcher, "we find an interesting fact. The extracts showed a worse inhibitory capacity when the tests were carried out under gastrointestinal conditions, which highlights the importance of evaluating the potential bioactive effect of extracts in conditions as close as physiological. "



The authors hope to be able to validate in vivo models the bioactive potential of these extracts as inhibitors of digestive enzymes. Also, they say, they will explore forms of greater enrichment in bioactive compounds, in search of a pharmacological alternative against excess fat and other conditions associated with the so-called 'metabolic syndrome'.



In recent years there has been a marked increase in the incidence of 'metabolic syndrome', a group of conditions that includes excess abdominal fat, high blood pressure and high levels of sugar and cholesterol in the blood, and that can lastly give place to the development of chronic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.



These pathologies can be prevented with diet and healthy lifestyles, but once manifest they require pharmacological treatment.



Currently some drugs manage to limit the absorption of lipids and carbohydrates in the diet. Commercial products such as Orlistat or Acarbose, for example, are used to interfere in the digestion of fats and carbohydrates through the inhibition of the enzymes responsible for their digestion and subsequent absorption. However, many of these drugs have side effects, such as abdominal pain, excess flatulence and diarrhea, which has made the search for alternatives necessary. (Source: UAM)

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