Direct control of the autonomic nervous system on the proliferation of stem cells

Direct control of the autonomic nervous system on the proliferation of stem cells https://i0.wp.com/www.eresviral.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Control-directo-del-sistema-nervioso-autónomo-sobre-la-proliferación-de-células-madre.jpg?fit=242%2C146&ssl=1

Direct control of the autonomic nervous system on the proliferation of stem cells





Direct control of the autonomic nervous system on the proliferation of stem cells


Somatic stem cells are constantly regenerating cells throughout the body: for example, the skin and the lining of the intestine. And, as is clear from recent research, they represent untapped potential.



If we could find a way to control the proliferation of stem cells in the body, we would have very important medical benefits at our fingertips, including deactivating the proliferation of cancer stem cells or inducing it in somatic cells wherever tissue is needed. In these terms expresses Elizabeth Davis, co-author of the new study. She and Megan Dailey, both from the University of Illinois in the United States, have recently presented the results of this study. One of the most remarkable is the demonstration, for the first time, that the proliferation of stem cells is directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system.



This nervous system controls all our unconscious functions: respiration, blood flow, digestion, etc. Its two main networks of nerve fibers run throughout the body from the brain, there are neurons that reach almost all organs. These neurons release substances called neurotransmitters, which can directly or indirectly affect the target cells.



When neurotransmitters bind to receptors in the membranes of certain cells, they elicit a direct response within them. But changes in cells can also happen when neurotransmitters induce a general state of inflammation or alter blood flow, an indirect route of action for the autonomic nervous system.







Megan Dailey (left) and Elizabeth Davis. (Photo: Lauren D. Quinn, University of Illinois)



Before the new study, the scientific community already suspected that the autonomic nervous system was involved in the proliferation of stem cells, but it was not known if the relationship was direct or indirect.



A direct relationship offers better possibilities when intervening with drugs to treat diseases. If we wanted to change the regeneration potential of an organ, for example, we would not need to stimulate or suppress the activity of those neurons. Instead, we could simply find out which neurotransmitters are controlling cell proliferation and then bring the substance of interest to those stem cells through a targeted supply of drugs, as Dailey explains.



To verify the relationship, the researchers focused on stem cells from the intestinal lining of mice. They found not only that the stem cells had receptors for the neurotransmitters of the autonomic nervous system, but also that these neurotransmitters changed the behavior of the cells, just what can be expected from a direct relationship.



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