"Postural cells" that encode in the brain the position of the body in 3D
"Postural cells" that encode in the brain the position of the body in 3D
"Postural cells" that encode in the brain the position of the body in 3D
A recent study finds that neurons recently found in the parietal cortex encode body posture and spatial awareness in mice. The findings suggest that these "postural cells" could be the root of how the brain translates the diverse range of sensory information needed to understand the position of the body in 3D space.
For an animal to make its way and survive in any environment, your brain must receive and process information from multiple different sensory inputs and combine it with the knowledge learned about the world, to later send exit commands to the muscles, in order to update constantly body posture and give an answer accordingly.
While much of this information is closely linked to space (where our hand is in relation to our eyes and to an object in the world, as well as the distance and direction needed to grasp it), in the brain there is no single spatial framework reference or coordinate system. Instead, you must translate this information between coordinate systems.
However, little is known about the neural signals that make this possible. Previous research, based largely on single limb movement or limited bodywork, has shown that the posterior parietal cortex (CPP) functions in association with the frontal motor cortex (M2) (a region of the brain involved in voluntary movements). ), playing an important role in the awareness of the spatial configuration of the body.
It has been shown that CPP cells in rodents encode simple 2D movement behaviors and, according to the authors, much less is known about how these parts of the brain represent a neuronal posture in free-moving contexts. To address this aspect, Bartul Mimica and his colleagues tracked the posture of rats with freedom of movement in 3D while recording how these positions were represented by individual neurons in the CPP and M2.
Mimica et al. discovered that more than half of the neurons in PPC and M2 are involved in specific postures of the head, neck and back. In addition, the authors demonstrated that the posture could be predicted reliably by decoding the activity of the neurons in the two regions of the brain. In a related Perspective article, Guifen Chen presents new questions that inspire findings, which contradict previous studies on locomotion in rodent mice. "Future experiments will be needed to reconcile newly found postural cells in the PPC-M2 network by Mimica et al.," Chen writes, "with previous work on CSF in rodents and primates, in order to establish how they work together. cells in the complex cognitive functions of the PPC ". (Source: AAAS)
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