Camp Fire spreads dirty air in California
Camp Fire spreads dirty air in California
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In November 2018, devastating fires ran through Forests, bushes, grasslands, farmland and villages. in California. One of them, the Camp fire in Butte County: it destroyed more than 10,000 homes and caused at least 63 deaths, making it the more deadly Y more destructive Fire registered in the state.
The consequences for health extend far beyond the path of fire. Millions of people living in northern California have been breathing unhealthy air while the smoke has stopped. The span led to red air quality alert code in many communities, canceled eventsY school closures.
As forest fires consume wood, vegetation, houses and other materials, they emit many gases and particles, including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, organic carbon and fine particles (PM2.5). The pm2.5-Includes a type of aerosol called black carbonIt is especially harmful because the particles are small enough to enter the lungs and bloodstream. Health research It links the exposure of fine particles to respiratory diseases, heart problems and premature deaths.
The animation above shows the black carbon columns of the Camp Fire that are broadcast throughout northern California, covering San Francisco, Sacramento and other communities. At the beginning of the animation, smoke is also seen from Hill and Woolsey Fires in Southern California. The smoke remains in the low-altitude central valley because the mountain ranges on both sides are installed temperature inversions that prevent the winds from easily dispersing pollution.
The maps show black carbon data from the GEOS processing model (GEOS-FP), which assimilates information from satellites, aircraft and ground observation systems. To simulate black carbon, modelers make use of satellite observations of aerosol sprays Y fires. GEOS-FP also ingests meteorological data as the temperature of the air, the humidity and the winds to project the behavior of the plume.
GEOS FP, like other climate and climate models, uses mathematical equations that represent physical processes to calculate what is happening in the atmosphere. The model calculates the position and concentration of the black carbon columns every hour. The model ingests new aerosol data at three-hour intervals and new meteorological data at six-hour intervals.
In the U.S, 35 percent Black carbon emissions come from forest fires. Transportation is responsible for 52 percent, and the energy sector and industry produce the rest.
Images from the NASA Earth Observatory by Joshua Stevens, using GEOS data from the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office at NASA GSFC. Adam Voiland's story, with information from Patricia castellanos Y Anton Darmenov.
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