Astronomers find a key relationship between the collision of galaxies and the voracity of black holes

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Astronomers find a key relationship between the collision of galaxies and the voracity of black holes





Astronomers find a key relationship between the collision of galaxies and the voracity of black holes


The research appears today in the scientific journal Nature. The finding combined 20 years of observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, data obtained from the Neil Gehrels Swift X-ray observatory (both from NASA) and captures from the Keck optical telescope in Hawaii.



"Thanks to this work today we are closer to solving two major enigmas of astrophysics: how galaxies were formed and how supermassive black holes live at the center of them, and even more important ... why both processes are connected, "said Ezequiel Treister, an astronomer at the Institute of Astrophysics at the Catholic University.



"What we discovered is that almost 20% of rapidly growing black holes - known as AGN - are associated with the last stages of the galaxy collision process, that is, shortly before they merge and form a single, colossal black hole, "continues Treister, who is also a researcher at the CATA Center for Excellence in Astrophysics and Related Technologies.



The research lasted eight years and brought together a dozen international scientists, led by Dr. Michael J. Koss, Eureka Scientific Inc, of the State of California in the United States "the images in this study show what will happen when our galaxy , the Milky Way, merges with Andromeda and their respective central black holes form a spiral with each other. This research could lead to predictions about what types of galaxies these cosmic events could occur, "explains the American.







Astronomers find a key relationship between the collision of galaxies and the voracity of black holes. (Photo: CATA)



The work analyzed almost 100 galaxies containing black holes in the process of growth, added to almost 200 inactive galaxies used as a comparison. "These galaxies are at a maximum distance of about one billion light years. That is, if we had left Earth a billion years ago, when there was only bacteriological life on our planet, we would only be arriving today, "reflects Doctor Treister.



The research concludes that darkened black holes, that is, those that are covered with material such as dust and gas from galactic fusion, are more likely to participate in this type of dynamics. "The collision of galaxies is a key mechanism to obscure these processes," said Claudio Ricci, an astronomer at the Astronomy Center of the Diego Portales University and also part of the work team.



We must now understand how it is that the feeding and growth of these black holes occurs during the process of collision of two galaxies and how the interaction with the galaxies that host them takes place. To achieve this, the key is to be able to use ALMA that has a very high resolution, 10 times better than Hubble.



In addition, astronomers consider future observations using adaptive optics with telescopes such as the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), the European Large Telescope (ELT) and the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT). "This will allow more accurate observations of galaxies in collisions and their black holes," explains Claudio Ricci. (Source: CATA / DICYT)



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