Anti-inflammatories to improve cognitive problems due to nicotine withdrawal

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Anti-inflammatories to improve cognitive problems due to nicotine withdrawal





Anti-inflammatories to improve cognitive problems due to nicotine withdrawal


A team of scientists from the NeuroPhar Neuropharmacology Laboratory at Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) (Catalunya, Spain) has shown in a study in rodents that treatment with anti-inflammatories reverses the cognitive alterations caused by nicotine abstinence. The results of the work have been published in the journal Brain, Behavior and Immunity.



Early abstinence from nicotine causes numerous unwanted effects, including physical, affective and cognitive symptoms, among which are deficits in attention and alterations in memory. Several studies suggest that these cognitive disorders participate in the relapse to the consumption of tobacco that occurs in the first days after the attempt to stop smoking. In fact, varenicline, a drug marketed to treat smoking, acts to improve mood and cognitive function during the beginning of the period of abstinence.



"In this study, in which we have used models in rodents, we have shown that cognitive deficits are associated with an inflammatory process in key brain areas in the regulation of memory such as the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex," comments Fernando Berrendero, one of the authors. Specifically, they observed an activation of the microglia and an increase in the expression of cytokines in these brain areas.







Confocal microscopy image of the activation of microglial cells (marker of inflammation) in the mouse hippocampus. (Photo: UPF)



The results are part of the research of Rocio Saravia, first author of the study, which details the treatment with a non-psychoactive cannabinoid with anti-inflammatory properties, cannabidiol, as well as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), indomethacin.



"The therapy reversed the cognitive alterations of nicotine withdrawal, as well as the inflammatory markers associated with nicotine withdrawal. Therefore, these results underscore the usefulness of anti-inflammatory agents to improve cognitive performance during early nicotine withdrawal, "says Saravia.



"The possibility of dealing with anti-inflammatory drugs one of the lesser known aspects of nicotine withdrawal, learning and memory disorders, which play a key role in the relapse to consumption, can open a highly innovative therapeutic strategy to treat nicotine dependence ", concludes Rafael Maldonado, Professor of Pharmacology at UPF. (Source: UPF)

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