Will the Navy need to change the USS Ford after the "crash tests" of the bomb blasts?
Will the Navy need to change the USS Ford after the "crash tests" of the bomb blasts?
The 1,100-foot ship is the successor to the aircraft carriers of the Nimitz class of the United States Navy. (Matt Hildreth / HII)
(© Newport News Shipbuilding 2017)The US Navy UU He plans to finalize the weapons integration in his new USS Ford airline and to explode bombs in various sea conditions near the ship to prepare for a great battle on the high seas, service officials said.
Service weapon testers will detonate a wide range of bombs, including a variety of underwater mines to evaluate the carrier's ability to withstand enemy attacks. "Shock trials," as they are called, are often one of the final stages of the Navy process designed to bring warships from development to operational deployment.
"The USS Gerald R. Ford will conduct more tests and trails, which will culminate in crash tests throughout the ship. The ship will then work for its deployment in parallel with its initial operational tests and its evaluation, "William Couch, a Naval Sea Systems Command officer, told Warrior Maven earlier this year.
The test of how the carrier can withstand massive near explosions will follow what is called a post-elimination availability that involves a final integration of several combat systems.
"Post-Shakedown availability is planned for 12 months, with the critical route being the construction of Advanced Weapons Elevator and the updates of Advanced Arresting Gear Twister," Couch added.
The Navy's decision to undergo crash tests for its first Ford Class airline, scheduled for deployment in 2022, appears to be especially relevant in today's modern threat environment. In a much more threatening way than most previously known threats to the Navy's aircraft carriers, potential adversaries have been designing and testing weapons designed specifically to destroy US carriers in recent years.
One such threat is the anti-aircraft missile "killer of transporters" DF-21D built in China. This weapon, which is currently being developed and actively tested by the Chinese army, can hit mobile carriers at ranges of up to 900 nautical miles.
Consequently, unlike the last 15 years of the main military operations of counterinsurgency in the USA. In the US, where operators operated largely unopposed, the possible future conflict will likely require much more advanced operator defenses, the service developers explained.
A Shock Trials analysis conducted by the Department of Defense in 2007 by the MITRE nonprofit corporation explains that many of the most likely or expected threats to warships come from "non-contact explosions where a high pressure wave is launched towards the ship. "
The MITER report, interestingly, also identifies the inspiration of Shock Trials as originated in World War II.
"During World War II, it was discovered that although such" near failure "explosions do not cause serious damage to the hull or superstructure, the impact and vibrations associated with the explosion, however, incapacitate the ship, destroying components and critical systems, "said the MITER. evaluation, called "Study of test capacity and prediction of underwater discharges of naval vessels".
The MITER analysis also specifies that, after a nearby explosion, the bulkhead of a ship can oscillate, causing the ship to move up.
"Strong localized deformations are observed in the cover modes, in which different parts of the roofs move at different frequencies," MITRE writes.
The existence and timing of the USS Ford Shock Trials has been the focus of much consideration. Since post-Shock Testing and damage assessments may result in the need to make changes to the ship, some Navy developers wanted to keep the Shock Tests for the second Ford class carrier, the USS Kennedy . The reasoning, according to several reports, was to ensure that the planned timeframe for the deployment of the USS Ford was not delayed.
However, a directive from Assistant Secretary of Defense Patrick Shannahan, after the contributions of the Committee of Services of the Armed Forces of the Senate, ensured that crash judgments will be made in time for the USS Ford.
The data analysis after the crash tests has shown, over the years, that even component failures on small ships can have major consequences.
"A component shock qualification procedure that guarantees the survival of 99% of the critical components is still not good enough to guarantee the continued operational capability of a ship following a nearby submarine explosion," MITRE writes.
In addition, since the USS Ford is introducing a range of unprecedented carrier technologies, testing the impact of nearby attacks on the ship may be of greater importance than previous crash tests performed on other ships.
For example, Ford class carriers are built with a larger flight deck capable of increasing the mission generation rate by 33 percent, an electromagnetic catapult to replace the current steam system and much higher levels of automation. or computer controls throughout the ship. The spacecraft is also designed to accommodate new sensors, software, weapons and combat systems as they arise, Navy officials said.
The USS Ford is built with four 26-megawatt generators, with a total of 104 megawatts on the ship. This helps to support the developing systems of the ship, such as its launch system for electromagnetic aircraft, or EMALS, and provides power for future systems such as lasers and rail guns, as explained by many Navy leaders.
In addition, Navy service leaders now consider stealth fighter jets, remotely piloted airplanes, Ospreys V-22 aircraft, submarine detection helicopters, laser weapons and electronic jamming indispensable.
Several years ago, the Navy announced that the V-22 Osprey will assume the delivery mission on board the carrier in which it will transport forces and equipment inside and outside the carriers while it is at sea.
However, despite the emergence of weapons such as the DF-21D, Navy leaders and some analysts have questioned the weapon's ability to hit and destroy moving carriers at 30 knots from 1,000 miles away.
Targeting, guidance on movement, fire control, ISR and other assets are necessary for this type of weapons to work as advertised. GPS, inertial measurement units, advanced sensors and dual-mode search engines are part of a handful of rapidly developing technologies capable of addressing some of these challenges, however, it does not seem clear that long-range anti-aircraft missiles like the DF 21D will be able to destroy the transporters in movement at the distances described.
In addition, the Navy is rapidly advancing vessel-based defensive weapons, electronic warfare applications, lasers and technologies capable of identifying and destroying anti-aircraft cruise missiles approaching from ranges beyond the horizon. An example of this includes the Integrated Naval Fire Control now implemented - Counter Air System, or NIFC-CA. This technology, which travels in attack groups with aircraft carriers, combines ship-based radar and fire control systems with an antenna sensor and a dual-mode SM-6 missile to track and destroy the approaching threats from more beyond the horizon.
The Navy is also developing a new tanker truck launched by the airline, called MQ-25A Stingray, to expand the combat range of the assets of major airlines such as the F / A-18 Super Hornets and the F-35C Joint Strike Fighters. The range or combat radius of aircraft carrier-based combat aircraft, therefore, is fundamental to this equation. If an F-35C or F / A-18 can, for example, only travel approximately 500 or 600 miles to attack an enemy internal target, such as air defenses, facilities and infrastructure, how can it project power effectively if the threats compel him to do it? operate 1,000 miles from the coast?
There lies the challenge and the necessary need for an unmanned tanker capable of refueling these aircraft launched by the airline in full flight, giving them enough resistance to attack from longer distances.
As for a first deployment of the USS Ford scheduled for 2022, Navy officers tell Warrior Maven that the ship will likely be sent wherever it needs it most, such as the Middle East or the Pacific.
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