They relate the high consumption of alcohol with chronic constipation

They relate the high consumption of alcohol with chronic constipation https://i1.wp.com/www.eresviral.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Relacionan-el-alto-consumo-de-alcohol-con-el-estreñimiento-crónico.jpg?fit=195%2C146&ssl=1

They relate the high consumption of alcohol with chronic constipation







The research, carried out by Tania Yadira Martínez Rodríguez, master in Physiology at the National University of Colombia (UN), aimed to determine the relationship between the expression of a protein known as alpha-synuclein in the blood and the possibility of presenting a pathology as chronic constipation in a population resident in Bogotá with problems of alcohol consumption.



The work developed in the Institute of Genetics of the U.N. had a study population consisting of 62 individuals distributed by groups according to the score obtained in the Questionnaire for the Identification of the Disorders due to Alcohol Consumption (AUDIT, for its acronym in English), validated by the World Health Organization.



The sample included 35 subjects in the control group and 27 in the case group. These were people who had a harmful consumption or dependence on alcohol, but who did not have a psychiatric diagnosis of alcoholism.



The participants had a withdrawal period of about 48 hours until the blood samples were extracted, in which analysis of the gene expression of alpha-synuclein mRNA and the expression of the protein as such were carried out.



As explained by the researcher, directed by Professor Mauricio Rey Buitrago, of the Clinical Genetics Group in the line of genetics of addictions, the study started from the existing evidence in animal models of genetically modified rats to overexpress this protein, and in which there was a reduction in intestinal motility along with other characteristics of constipation.







Consumption of alcohol. (Photo: UN)



"When we see that in alcoholism there are changes in the expression of alpha-synuclein, as we know from previous research, we thought of a similar model in humans that presented an alteration in intestinal motility," says the master.



This protein is related to the dopaminergic neurons that transmit dopamine in the central nervous system; the latter is a neurotransmitter also responsible for intestinal motility, among other functions, which can be altered by diseases such as alcoholism, which mainly affects the brain, he explains.



"It was observed that there is an overexpression of alpha-synuclein mRNA in subjects with alcohol problems. Regarding constipation, it was also observed that the subjects of the group of cases that had problems of alcohol consumption showed a 4.8 times greater risk of presenting this pathology, "says the researcher. However, he cautions that no relationship was observed between said overexpression of protein mRNA with constipation.



"Simple nucleotide polymorphisms -which is the substitution of a nitrogenous base, by another in the DNA sequence- in the promoter region of the gene, simple nucleotide polymorphisms, and also the methylation status in a segment of the promoter region of the gene, a process that modifies the function of DNA, "says researcher Martínez.



This allowed us to find nine polymorphisms in the segment that was evaluated from the promoter region, one of which, located at position -2171, had not been reported as a clinical variant in GenBank, a database on genes, their variants and polymorphisms.



"This polymorphism would be a new finding for our population in which the observed AT genotype seems to contribute to the increase of alpha-synuclein gene expression," says the master.



The researcher states that with works like this they hope to contribute to the knowledge about the genetic or physiological effects that alcoholism can have, because most of the studies that are done are epidemiological, in which it is sought to establish prevalences and incidences.



"As a psychoactive substance for legal consumption, ethyl alcohol is not given the attention it requires, unlike other drugs that are prohibited or socially classified as not accepted," says the master.



He adds that so far there are no objective markers that can be used for the diagnosis and preventive treatment of this disease, something that this study hopes to provide with the analysis of alpha-synuclein, a protein also associated with diseases such as Parkinson's disease. (Source: UN / DICYT)

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