The World Heritage of the Mediterranean, at risk from floods and erosion
The World Heritage of the Mediterranean, at risk from floods and erosion
A study carried out on the Mediterranean areas indicates that, of the 49 sites in low-lying coastal areas declared as UNESCO World Cultural Heritage (WHS), 37 will be at risk of flooding in the next 100 years and 42 are already endangered by erosion.
The team of researchers, led by the University of Kiel (Germany), assessed the risks of coastal flooding and erosion of these places through indicators, in four possible scenarios of sea level rise up to 2100.
"Up to 2100, the risk of flooding can increase by 50% and the risk of erosion by 13% throughout the region, with considerably greater increases in some particular WHS," they explain in the study.
The combination of simulations of climate models with World Heritage data indicate that by 2100, all the monuments and sites analyzed in locations near the Mediterranean coast will run one of these two dangers, with the exception of two: the Medina of Tunis and Xanthos- Letoon in Turkey.
Flood level varies by location. The least affected would be the archaeological site of Leptis Magna (Libya) or the Cultural Landscape of the Serra de Tramuntana (Spain) and among the most affected places would be the city of Venice.
Venice is one of the places with the highest risk of coastal flooding and erosion in the Mediterranean region. The rise in sea level will increase these risks throughout the century. (Photo: Lena Reimann)
The risk of erosion is determined by the distance to the coast. 31 of these declared heritage sites are, at least partially, 10 meters from the coast. The greatest number of places with risk of erosion are located in Italy (14), followed by Croatia (7) and Greece (4).
In addition, the researchers assure that 93% of the places at risk of a flood in the next 100 years and 91% of the areas in danger of erosion in any of the four scenarios are already in the current conditions, which underscores the urgency of adaptation to climate change.
"The risk will increase further in 2100, particularly in the second half of the century, in which the projections diverge considerably," they indicate in the paper.
These results provide an assessment of where adaptation to climate change is most urgently needed, to prevent this heritage from disappearing and "can help policy makers to direct research at the local scale to design appropriate strategies," according to the scientists. (Source: SINC)
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