The NFAT5 protein, key for the communication between macrophages and lymphocytes

The NFAT5 protein, key for the communication between macrophages and lymphocytes https://i1.wp.com/www.eresviral.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/La-proteína-NFAT5-clave-para-la-comunicación-entre-macrófagos-y-linfocitos.png?fit=260%2C40&ssl=1

The NFAT5 protein, key for the communication between macrophages and lymphocytes







The team of Cristina López-Rodríguez and Jose Aramburu, scientists from the Department of Experimental Sciences and Health (DCEXS) of the Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) (Catalunya, Spain), has identified a new mechanism that favors the presentation of antigens by part of the macrophages.



Macrophages are cells of the immune system that act as sensors within the tissues in which they are found. In this way, they regulate the integrity of the tissues both to facilitate their functioning under normal conditions and when there is a disease.



One of the functions of macrophages is to present the antigens they find in tissues - which are external substances that can trigger an immune reaction - to T lymphocytes. This process is necessary to create effective immune and memory responses and also it is relevant in the rejection of transplants and in autoimmune diseases.



In an article published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, researchers describe a new molecular mechanism that favors the presentation of antigens by macrophages to CD4 T lymphocytes. Specifically, they have discovered that the genes that are responsible for expressing the antigen presenting molecules in macrophages are activated by the NFAT5 protein.







Researchers of the Cristina López-Rodríguez and Jose Aramburu group. (Photo: UPF)



NFAT5 is a protein known mainly for its function in adapting cells to high salinity environments. Recent studies by the group have revealed new functions of this protein, such as the regulation of gene expression in immune cells in different contexts.



They used skin grafts in mice as a model because the presentation of antigens is part of the process of rejection of transplants from one organism to another. On the one hand, in the normal mice, rejection occurred when they had a skin transplant from another mouse. But in cases where the donor rodents had NFAT5-deficient macrophages, the grafts could survive longer.



"Our results, in agreement with what we observed in the in vitro tests, show that by eliminating NFAT5 communication between macrophages and T lymphocytes is interrupted, the latter are not activated and therefore the rejection of skin transplants is attenuated", they detail the authors.



This study has also involved scientists from the Center for Biological Research, the National Center for Cardiovascular Research, the Complutense University of Madrid and the animal park Biomedical Research Park and the Science Park of Barcelona. (Source: UPF)

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