The intestinal microbiota, a risk factor in the development of diabetes 1
The intestinal microbiota, a risk factor in the development of diabetes 1
Scientists from the Center for Biomedical Research in the Network of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN) (Spain) have discovered that the intestinal microbiota in children with type 1 diabetes is different from that of healthy children.
The finding, published in the journal Diabetes Care, opens the door to the development of new therapies to control the progress of the disease by modifying the intestinal flora.
The study has been led by the Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA) and the Endocrinology Service of the Virgen de la Victoria Hospital in Malaga by María Isabel Queipo Ortuño and José Carlos Fernández García.
The methodology was based on the analysis of the gut microbiota profile, its functional capacity, inflammation and intestinal permeability in 15 children with diabetes, 1, 15 children with MODY2 (a type of non-autoimmune monogenic diabetes) and 13 in healthy children. .
"Although previous studies had already linked the microbiota with the genesis of some autoimmune diseases, and also with glycemic control, on this occasion children with diabetes 1 had a profile of intestinal microbiota with a lower diversity and a higher proportion of proinflammatory bacteria. ", Explains Queipo Ortuño.
"In addition, it was associated with an alteration in the integrity of the intestinal barrier and with an increase in low-grade inflammation and autoimmune response compared with children with MODY and healthy children," he adds.
The intestinal flora influences the appearance of metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and even the risk of cancer. (Photo: Fotolia)
The intestinal microbiota constitutes a complex ecosystem of organisms that plays an important role in the human health state. It has a digestive function and contributes to the synthesis of micronutrients, to the absorption of electrolytes and minerals and to the digestion and absorption of certain indigestible substances.
On the other hand, it also contributes to the destruction of toxins and carcinogens, prevents colonization by pathogenic bacteria, contributes to the development of the immune system and modulates the inflammatory state.
Without a balanced microbiota all the metabolism is altered, which increases the risk of suffering diseases, weakens the body and makes recoveries are longer.
"In recent years we have been able to verify that the intestinal flora influences the appearance of metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory and cardiovascular pathologies and even the risk of cancer," says the CIBEROBN specialist.
"We knew, therefore, the close relationship between type 2 diabetes, obesity and changes in the microbiota, but this study relates in humans changes in the microbiota with type 1 diabetes," says Queipo Ortuño.
"The most important thing for future research is to propose longitudinal studies aimed at evaluating whether the modulation of the microbiota in patients at high risk of developing type 1 diabetes is capable of modifying the natural history of this autoimmune disease," he concludes. (Source: CIBEROBN)
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