Support maps for decision making after an earthquake
Support maps for decision making after an earthquake
Researchers from various institutions, including the ETSI in Topography, Geodesy and Cartography of the Polytechnic University of Madrid (Spain), have developed a new methodology to generate maps to help decision makers after an earthquake .
Using spatial geodesy techniques - such as the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Radar Interferometry (InSAR) - a methodology has been created to estimate faults and volcanoes that can be activated in a region after the occurrence of a earthquake. The results are presented in maps with a color scale type semaphore so that they are easy to understand, since one of the fundamental objectives of the research carried out is to improve the transfer of scientific results obtained after an earthquake to the field of post-event management . The study was led by researchers from the Madrid Polytechnic (UPM) and Complutense (UCM) universities and the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME), and has been published in the journal Remote Sensing.
The methodology developed has been applied to the earthquake that took place in April 2016 in Pedernales, off the coast of Ecuador (from Mw 7.8) and is based on the estimation of the changes of efforts in the faults and neighboring volcanoes that occur as consequence of the release of energy due to an earthquake.
Cosismic displacement field obtained from InSAR and GNSS data from the Pedernales earthquake of Mw 7.8 on April 16, 2016. (Photo: Béjar-Pizarro et al., 2018)
For this, geological data are combined, modeled and analyzed, collected in catalogs of faults and volcanoes in the area, and data on the cosmic deformation produced by the earthquake, obtained from spatial geodesy techniques: Radar Interferometry (InSAR- Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). From the results of this analysis, a set of final maps consisting of a simplified version are generated, and they represent, with a semaphore color scale, the level of likelihood that a fault or volcano will be activated by the earthquake. This estimate is not free of uncertainty, whose quantification is a challenge to be developed in future research.
Although the techniques used for the analysis and modeling of data are widely used in the scientific field, the novelty of the study lies in the transfer of these results to the field of post-event management. This same methodology could also be adapted for its application to pre-event management.
This is precisely one of the fundamental objectives of the study, to achieve an effective transfer of the most current scientific knowledge and techniques to non-expert users responsible for disaster management and risk, for which it has collaborated closely with personnel of the National Institute of Metallurgical Mining Geological Research (INIGEMM) of Ecuador. Also, researchers from other Ecuadorian institutions, such as the Technical University of Manabí and the University of the Armed Forces of Ecuador (ESPE), as well as the Technological Center for Telecommunications of Catalonia (CTTC) and the University of Granada, have participated in this study. at the national level. (Source: UPM / DICYT)
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