SOLVED: Why does the Russian aircraft carrier pump so much black smoke?
SOLVED: Why does the Russian aircraft carrier pump so much black smoke?
These engineering difficulties are also given as a potential reason for the super smoky nature of Kuznetsov. Vice Admiral Pyotr Svyatashov explained that, due to improper calibration in the preheating or injection mechanisms, the Mazut injected into the combustion chamber may not have had time to burn completely, ie the partially burned products are causing black smoke.
For most of the sailors who served on Admiral Kuznetzov, Mazut is a theme of legends. The ultra-thick black tarry substance that feeds the ship is known to be quite toxic, sticky and it is not easy to take off your clothes. But why did the Soviet navy continue to feed its ships with Mazut? What are the advantages and disadvantages of fuel? Why exactly is the Kuznetsov so full of smoke?
Not all Russian ships run in Mazut. Of all the large ships that the current Russian navy operates, only the destroyers of the Soviet class and the aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov operate in Mazut. Given the great profile of Admiral Kuznetsov on the global scene, being the only aircraft carrier in Russia, naturally, a certain curiosity has emerged about what works and why it produces so much smoke.
(This appeared for the first time several months ago.)
Mazut is a heavy petrochemical fuel . While most sources refer to the fact that it is taken from the bottom of a distillation pile, this is inaccurate, since "mazut" is a general term for very heavy petroleum products, including those that can be form by mixing heavier oils with some slightly lighter ones. .
In the West, Mazut would fall into the fuel oil classifications of Bunker B and Bunker C, although ISO 8217 has replaced these categories. Under the ISO 8217 standard, Mazut can be classified as RMG or RMK fuel.
These heavy and heavy fuels were, in general, the standard for military and commercial vessels until the 1960s and 1970s. Their thick nature gave them a very high volume / energy ratio compared to lighter distillates. But to burn, they often had to be preheated and pressurized in a complex series of boilers and pipes.
The burning of these fuels could also produce large amounts of sulfur, since such heavy minerals tend to be deposited at the bottom of a distillation pile. As a result, these fuels can be expensive to acquire in countries with higher environmental standards, since they must be distilled from crude with a low initial content of sulfur or eliminated by a chemical process.
For these reasons, the Western navies began the transition to the propulsion of gas turbines in the sixties and seventies. Gas turbines use natural gas and distilled, non-combustible heavy fuel fuels. Currently, all United States Navy ships use gas turbines for propulsion, except those that operate with nuclear energy or the Freedom class, which uses an electric drive system.
However, the Soviet Navy seemed to hesitate to make such a complete change to the gas turbines. While the Slava-class cruisers installed in the 1970s used gas turbines, the Soviet-class destroyers established at the same time were still designed with a propulsion system powered by Mazut, reportedly due to the inability of the Soviet industry to produce enough turbines. at the time. The last destroyers of the Udaloy class continued the trend of using gas turbines.
The big question is why Admiral Kuznetsov continued using Mazut. Nuclear power was an option on the table, as the Kirov-class battle cruisers that were being designed at the same time used nuclear power plants, although the later class of Ulyanovsk-class transporters planned to use nuclear power. One possible reason was that the class was partially based on the shape of the hull and the design of the previous transporters of the Kiev class, which were executed in Mazut.
While Mazut was definitely not an optimal fuel option for Admiral Kuznetsov, his long and problematic construction process only aggravated the problems. A Russian news article He describes Kuznetsov as a "weak heart" due to the low standards of shipbuilding when it was completed in the 1990s at the Nikolayev shipyard of the Black Sea in Mykolaiv.
Also, Admiral Valentin Selivanov He said: "From the beginning, low quality pipes were installed in their boilers." The same admiral then went on to describe the sea trials of the 90s of Kuznetsov. Due to problems with the pipes, not all boilers can operate at full capacity all the time, and often break down. Sometimes, the ship was reduced to operate in a boiler, which gave a speed of about 4 knots. These same reliability problems lead the Russian Navy to send tugs to accompany Kuznetsov during his 2016 trip to the Syrian coast.
Recommended: Forget the F-35: the storm could be the future
Recommended: Why does no commander want to take a Spike missile?
Recommended: What will the sixth generation fighter be like?
These engineering difficulties are also given as a potential reason for the super smoky nature of Kuznetsov. Vice Admiral Pyotr Svyatashov explained that, due to improper calibration in the preheating or injection mechanisms, the Mazut injected into the combustion chamber may not have had time to burn completely, ie the partially burned products are causing black smoke.
.
.
SOURCE LINK ERESVIRAL.COM https://www.beviral.online
Comentarios
Publicar un comentario