Scientists Pinpoint Where Dark Matter Is Hiding in the Universe

Scientists Pinpoint Where Dark Matter Is Hiding in the Universe

Scientists Pinpoint Where Dark Matter Is Hiding in the Universe





Scientists Pinpoint Where Dark Matter Is Hiding in the Universe






                    


By analyzing the gravitational lenses of distant galaxies, researchers have created a detailed 3D map of the distribution of dark matter in the universe.

                    Credit: HSC / UTokyo Project




		There is a large amount of matter in the universe that we can not see directly. But scientists can say it's there. They call it dark matter.

		They know he is there because his gravity pulls the stars and galaxies that surround him, altering his movement. Dark matter It also pulls the light as it passes, bending its path, a phenomenon called gravitational lens. And now, when studying where that lens appears in the sky, an international team of scientists has released a detailed 3D. Map of dark matter.

		The biggest advantage of the cosmic map, that was published on Monday (September 24) in the arXiv prepress magazine, is that it will help scientists to discover precisely how and where dark energy, an invisible energy that invades the universe, accelerates its expansion, operates in space, the researchers said in a statement

		"Our map gives us a better picture of how much dark energy "There is and it tells us a little more about its properties and how it is accelerating the expansion of the universe," said Rachel Mandelbaum, an astronomer at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh who participated in the survey, in the statement.

		To build the map, the researchers carefully studied the shapes of up to 10 million galaxies, including those from far away in space, from which the light created billions of years ago, during the early universe, is only now arriving to the earth.

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		They measured how much the shapes of those galaxies seemed to distort what astronomers expect, and then explained what part of that distortion was due to the dark lens, rather than the effects of the atmosphere or the telescope and detector used. That difference allowed researchers to infer how much dark matter light had to pass through before reaching Earth.

		This map is drawn from the first five years of observations of the Japanese Subaru telescope in Hawaii, as part of a project called the Hiper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. The HSC will continue to observe the space for four more years to make its map more accurate and complete.

		A first result: the HSC found evidence of a little less dark energy in the universe than another survey, conducted earlier in Europe, called the Planck survey. That survey examined the faint traces of the Big Bang that remained in electromagnetic radiation, known as the cosmic microwave background. The small difference is small enough that it is not statistically significant, which means there could be no real difference, but the difference is tempting, they said.





						


A new map of dark matter extracted from the gravitational lens of the galaxies has produced a map slightly different from that produced by the mapping of the cosmic microwave background, but the difference is not statistically significant.

            						    Credit: Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey 




				The researchers said in the statement that the new map suggests that dark energy does not behave in the same way that scientists believe it does.



		Originally published in Live science.



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