Regular exercise is beneficial for the respiratory health of smokers
Regular exercise is beneficial for the respiratory health of smokers
Researchers at the Institute of Global Health of Barcelona (ISGlobal) (Catalunya, Spain) have led a study that indicates that regular physical activity is associated with improved lung function in smokers in European cities, regardless of pollution levels from air.
The work has been carried out with more than 4,500 people from nine European countries, within the framework of the Ageing Lungs in European Cohorts project (ALEC), coordinated by Imperial College London.
Previous work from the same project concluded that regular exercise was associated with better lung function among smokers, but no data on exposure to air pollution was analyzed.
The new research, published in the journal Environment International, aimed to assess whether residential exposure to air pollution - the annual estimate of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 - modify the effect of physical activity in lung function, both of smokers and those who have never smoked.
The work analyzed the data of 2,801 people who had never smoked and 1,719 smokers from Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, participants of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) ).
Regular exercise improves the lung capacity of people who smoke. (Photo: Gueert Pieters / Unsplash)
For ten years, the participants were followed up, between 27 and 57 years old at the beginning of the study: they were classified as active if they exercised twice or more times a week and for one hour at a time. week or more. Pulmonary function was assessed by the spirometry test.
The findings indicated that regular physical activity was associated with better lung function among smokers, regardless of the levels of air pollution. As for nonsmokers, exercise appeared to have benefits for lung function in areas with low or medium levels of air pollution, but these results were less clear in more polluted urban areas.
Elaine Fuertes, first author of the publication, emphasizes that "the results reinforce the message that physical activity is beneficial for health, including respiratory health." "However, our data suggest that there may be some attenuation of this effect among non-smokers living in cities with high levels of pollution, so if confirmed, policies aimed at controlling air quality levels would guarantee the maximum benefit of measures to promote physical activity, "he adds.
"Many forms of physical activity take place outdoors, such as cycling, walking or running, and active transport is promoted as a method to reduce both air pollution levels and sedentary lifestyle. Thus, understanding the relationship between air pollution, physical activity and lung function is essential for decision making in the areas of public health and urban planning ", assesses Judith Garcia-Aymerich, coordinator of the work and research program Noncommunicable diseases and the environment of ISGlobal.
The work has been possible thanks to the support of the research and innovation program Horizon 2020 of the European Union (ALEC study under grant agreement No. 633212) and the Marie Skłodowska-Curie scholarship. (Source: ISGlobal)
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