Nobel Prize in Medicine for immunotherapy against cancer
Nobel Prize in Medicine for immunotherapy against cancer
Today, the Nobel prizes in Medicine or Physiology have fallen to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo for their work in immunotherapy against cancer, a new approach against the disease of freeing all the artillery from our defenses to combat the tumors
Cancer kills millions of people every year and is one of the greatest health challenges for humanity. "By stimulating the inherent ability of our immune system to attack tumor cells, this year's Nobel Prize winners of medicine have established an entirely new principle in therapy against the disease," the Nobel Foundation statement said.
James P. Allison (Texas, 1948), who is currently a research professor at the MD Anderson Cancer Center at the University of Texas, was the first to demonstrate that immunotherapy can treat this disease effectively,
Allison studied a CTLA-4 T cell protein, which works as a brake on the immune system. "The researcher realized the possibility of releasing the brake and that our immune cells could attack the tumors. Then he developed this concept in a new approach to the treatment of patients. "
Tasuku Honjo and James P. Allison. (Photo: Nobel Prize Foundation)
Last January the American researcher received the BBVA Foundation Award in Biomedicine and recognized that with this therapy "all types of cancer will not be cured". But he added that "in the future, immunotherapy will be part of the therapeutic arsenal against many types of tumors, in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy."
In parallel, Tasuku Honjo (Kyoto, 1942), from Kyoto University, was the discoverer of PD-1, another protein expressed on the surface of T cells. "After a careful exploration of its function, it finally revealed that It operates as an obstacle to cancer, but with a different mechanism of action. The therapies based on his discovery proved to be surprisingly effective, "the statement said.
Both Allison and Honjo have shown how different strategies can be used to inhibit the obstacles of the immune system in the treatment of cancer. "The discoveries of both laureates are a milestone in our fight against cancer," says the Academy.
Immunotherapy against cancer was considered the scientific breakthrough of the year in 2013. Just a few months ago, this type of treatment made it possible for a woman with metastatic breast cancer to completely eliminate her tumor cells. (Source: SINC)
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