Maps to support decision-making after an earthquake
Maps to support decision-making after an earthquake
Using spatial geodesy techniques, a team of researchers from Spain and Ecuador have created a methodology to estimate the faults and volcanoes that can be activated in a region after the occurrence of an earthquake.
The results are presented in maps with a color scale type semaphore so that they are easy to understand, since one of the fundamental objectives of the research carried out is to improve the transfer of scientific results obtained after an earthquake to the field of post-event management . The study was led by researchers from the ETSI in Topography, Geodesy and Cartography of the Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM), along with the Complutense (UCM) and the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME); and it has been published in the journal Remote Sensing.
The methodology has been applied to the earthquake (of magnitude Mw 7.8) that took place in April 2016 in Pedernales, off the coast of Ecuador, and is based on the estimation of the changes of efforts in the faults and neighboring volcanoes that occur as a consequence of the release of energy due to the earthquake.
For this, geological data are combined, modeled and analyzed, collected in catalogs of faults and volcanoes in the area, and data of the cosmic deformation produced by the earthquake, obtained from spatial geodesy techniques: radar interferometry (InSAR) and system global navigation satellite (GNSS).
Map of Ecuadorian Holocene volcanoes potentially activated by the Pedernales earthquake on April 16, 2016. The color scale indicates the level of potential activation of the volcano. (Photo: Béjar-Pizarro, et al., 2018)
With the results of this analysis, a set of final maps consisting of a simplified version are generated, and they represent, with a color scale type of traffic light, the level of likelihood that a fault or volcano is triggered by the earthquake. This estimate is not free of uncertainty, whose quantification is a challenge to be developed in future research.
Although the techniques used for the analysis and modeling of data are widely used in the scientific field, the novelty of the study lies in the transfer of these results to the field of post-event management, although it could also be applied to pre-event management.
This is one of the fundamental objectives of the study: to achieve an effective transfer of the most current scientific knowledge and techniques to non-expert users responsible for disaster and risk management, for which it has collaborated closely with personnel of the National Institute of Geological Metallurgical Mining Research (INIGEMM) of Ecuador.
Other researchers from other Ecuadorian institutions have also participated, such as the Technical University of Manabí and the University of the Armed Forces of Ecuador (ESPE), as well as the Technological Center for Telecommunications of Catalonia (CTTC) and the University of Granada in Spain. (Source: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid)
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