Launch of BepiColombo
Launch of BepiColombo
Launch of the BepiColombo mission. Credit: ESA-CNES-Arianespace.
ESA-JAXA's BepiColombo mission took off on board an Ariane 5 rocket from Kuru's European Spaceport at 01:45:28 GMT on October 20, kicking off an exciting journey to investigate the mysteries of Mercury, the innermost planet of the Solar System.
The signals coming from the ship, received at the ESA control center in Darmstadt, Germany, through the New Norcia ground tracking station at 02:21 GMT, confirmed the success of the launch.
BepiColombo is the result of the joint effort of ESA and the Japanese Agency for Aerospace Exploration (JAXA). It is the first European mission to Mercury, the smallest and least explored planet in the inner Solar System, and the first to send two orbiters that will make simultaneous and complementary measurements of the planet and its environment.
BepiColombo comprises two scientific orbiter: the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) of ESA, and the Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO, or "Mio") of JAXA. The Mercury Transfer Module (MTM), built by ESA, will transport them to Mercurio through a combination of solar-electric propulsion and gravitational assist maneuvers. Thus, the mission will once fly over the Earth, twice Venus and six times Mercury, before entering orbit around the latter at the end of 2025.
MPO and MMO in their polar elliptical orbits around Mercury. MPO will operate in an orbit of 480 × 1,500 km altitude and MMO in an orbit of 590 × 11,640 km. Credit: ESA / ATG medialab.
The two scientific orbiters will be able to operate some of their instruments during the cruise phase, which will provide unique opportunities to collect data of scientific value on Venus. In addition, some of the instruments designed to study Mercury in a certain way can be used in a completely different way on Venus, which has a dense atmosphere compared to the exposed surface of Mercury.
A few months before reaching its destination, the transfer module will detach itself and allow the two scientific orbiters, still interconnected, to be captured by the gravity of Mercury.
Its altitude will be adjusted thanks to the MPO thrusters until the MMO reaches the desired elliptical polar orbit. Next, the MPO will separate and descend to its own orbit using its propellers.
Together, the two orbiters will make measurements that will reveal the internal structure of the planet, the nature of its surface and the evolution of its geological formations, including the ice in the planet's shadow craters, as well as the interaction between the planet and the solar wind. .
[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d6Aj6Ht8Ozo?controls=0&w=560&h=315]
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