Integrated graphene photonics for next-generation communications
Integrated graphene photonics for next-generation communications
Integrated photon-based graphene devices are becoming a promising solution for the next generation of optical communications. The properties of this carbon material allow transmitting information with a high bandwidth while low energy consumption, which is a revolution in the transfer of data through optical communication systems.
This advance makes integrated devices based on graphene a key ingredient in the evolution of 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT for its acronym in English) and the industry called 4.0, according to the review of companies and research centers of the megaproject European Graphene Flagship published this month in the journal Nature Reviews Materials. The article is signed by researchers from entities such as CNIT, Ericsson, IMEC, Nokia, Nokia-Bell Labs, AMO, ICFO and the University of Cambridge.
Data transmission must seek a new frontier because "as conventional semiconductor technologies approach their physical limitations, we need to explore completely innovative technologies to achieve our most ambitious visions of a future global networked society," explains Wolfgang Templ, head of department of Transceiver Research at Nokia Bell Labs in Germany.
Paola Galli, member of the technical staff and optical and IP networks of Nokia, agrees: "The graphene photon offers a combination of advantages to become an element of change. We need to explore new materials to go beyond the limits of current technologies and meet the needs of future networks. "
On the other hand, Antonio D'Errico, of Ericsson Research, explains. "Graphene for photonics has the potential to change the perspective of information technology and communications in a disruptive way. This document explains how to develop and facilitate new optical networks. and I am pleased to say that this fundamental information is now available to anyone interested in the whole world. "
The journal Nature Reviews Materials has chosen for its cover this illustration of the potential of integrated graphene-based photonic devices for next-generation communications. (Photo: Lauren V. Robinson / Springer Nature Ltd.)
"Graphene integrated in a photonic circuit is a scalable and low-cost technology that can operate fiber links at a very high data transmission rate," points out Marco Romagnoli, of the National Inter-University Telecommunications Consortium (CNIT) in Italy.
"The collaboration between the industry and the academic world is key to the exploratory work towards a completely new component technology," adds Templ. Research in this phase carries significant risks, so it is important that academic research and industry research laboratories join the brightest minds to solve fundamental problems. The industry can give a perspective on the research questions relevant to the potential in future systems. Thanks to the mutual exchange of information, we can mature the technology and consider all the requirements for a future industrialization and mass production of graphene-based components. "
From Spain, Professor ICREA at ICFO Frank Koppens highlights: "With graphene we can make 5G technologies faster, more compact and cheaper. Until now, there is no technology that can do all these things at once. This publication clearly reflects close collaboration between academia and industry. The Graphene Flagship promotes joint development projects aimed at well-defined applications that solve the main problems of the main industrial players in the data and telecommunications markets. "
Kari Hjelt, director of innovation for this great European initiative, also states: "This case exemplifies the power of graphene technologies to transform cutting-edge applications in telecommunications. We have already begun to see the fruits of Graphene Flagship investments when we move from the development of materials to the integration of components and systems ".
According to the authors, graphene photonics offers advantages in both performance and manufacturing. This material can guarantee a performance of modulation, detection and switching that meets all the requirements necessary for the next evolution in the manufacture of photonic devices.
"We are looking for highly integrated optical transceivers that allow ultra-fast bit rates, beyond terabit per second per optical channel. These specific systems will differ from their precursors (based on semiconductors) because they are substantially less complex, because they dissipate less energy and have a smaller form factor, together with greater flexibility and tuning capacity, "explains Templ.
"This document clearly explains why an integrated approach using graphene and silicon-based photonics can meet and overcome the constant increase in data transmission speeds so required for future telecommunications systems," says Andrea C. Ferrari, professor the University of Cambridge, responsible for the Science and Technology Area of the Graphene Flagship and president of its Administration Panel. "The advent of the internet of things and the 5G era represent unique opportunities for graphene to demonstrate its full potential."
Under the Graphene Flagship, one of the European Commission's major research initiatives, the authors present a vision of the future of integrated graphene-based photonics and provide strategies to improve energy consumption, manufacturing capacity and integration at scale of wafers. The new study, selected to be the cover of the journal Nature Review Materials, offers a roadmap that shows how graphene-based photonic devices can overcome the technological requirements necessary for the evolution of the current data communication and telecommunications markets towards next generation (Source: Graphene Flagship- ICFO)
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