Early warnings due to crop failures
Early warnings due to crop failures
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Food production is influenced by innumerable conditions: climate that is too dry, too humid, too hot or too cold can severely affect the ability of farmers to grow. A project funded by NASA called Crop monitor for early warning is working to anticipate declines in crop yields by examining satellite data related to climate.
"There is a pressing need to obtain better information about crop conditions in countries concerned about food security," said Christina Justice, a remote sensing expert at the University of Maryland and coordinator of the Crop Monitor for Early Warning project.
Food security, or having access to enough food to maintain a healthy and well-nourished diet, is a priority in many nations of the world. Since 2014, the number of undernourished people in the world has been growing Due to inadequate access to food. The Crop Monitor provides analysis for 81 countries, particularly considering the conditions that affect the dominant crops in that region, such as rice in Southeast Asia or corn in Central America. The monitor can offer forecasts for the next months.
The maps on this page show Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) anomalies, one of several products derived from satellites used to evaluate the conditions of crops. NDVI measures the health or "greenness" of vegetation based on the amount of red and near infrared light reflected by the leaves. Healthy vegetation reflects more infrared light and less visible light than stressed vegetation. Both maps show the NDVI from June to August 2018 compared to the average from June to August 2000 to 2013. The data was provided by Moderate resolution image spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Terra satellite.
The upper map shows one of the areas where the cultivation conditions for 2017/18 were the most affected: Afghanistan. Little rain and snowfall In Afghanistan, during the past year, drought conditions have been created that are reducing crop yields. Reports They say that more Afghans have been displaced by drought conditions than by conflicts this year.
The largest decrease in vegetative green occurred in northern Afghanistan, where about 20 percent of the country's total wheat is grown. For spring wheat (wheat sown in the spring, harvested in the autumn in the northern hemisphere), the Crop Monitor classified Northern parts of Afghanistan as "failure", the most serious category, that is, crop yields are likely to be at least 25 percent below average. The conditions for winter wheat (sown in the winter, harvested in the summer) have been classified as "poor", which means that the yields are probably between 10 and 25 percent below the average. Afghanistan can import wheat from neighboring Pakistan and Kazakhstan.
The map above shows anomalies of NDVI in Central America and the Caribbean. A severe drought It extended through southern Mexico to Panama. In July, the affected areas in Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras experienced losses of corn and beans from 75 to 100 percent. Crop Monitor has classified maize conditions in Guatemala and Honduras to a large extent as "failure", while yields in Haiti and El Salvador have been classified mainly as "poor".
"NDVI is an important tool to monitor the conditions of crops for food security. Any change in precipitation and temperature will have an effect on vegetative greenness, "Justice said.
The Crop Monitor compiles all the different types of satellite information-Includes but not limited to NDVI, temperature, precipitation and soil moisture- and shares it with 14 national and international partners. The partners help corroborate the findings with their own satellite data and reports in the field.
Some of the partner organizations, such as the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET), are directly connected to rescue efforts. Funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), FEWS NET provides information on the status of crops for relief efforts.
Images from the NASA Earth Observatory by Lauren Dauphin, using MODIS data from NASA EOSDIS / LANCE and GIBS / Worldview. Tale of Kasha Patel.
SOURCE LINK ERESVIRAL.COM https://www.beviral.online
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