A study evaluates for the first time music therapy as a method to reduce anxiety in pregnant women
A study evaluates for the first time music therapy as a method to reduce anxiety in pregnant women
A study evaluates for the first time music therapy as a method to reduce anxiety in pregnant women
A team from the Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine of the University of Almeria (UAL) (Spain) has discovered that music therapy reduces the anxiety of pregnant women. Although other studies have already confirmed the advantages of music during pregnancy, especially focused on the fetus, the research developed at the UAL is a pioneer when evaluating for the first time, from the psychophysiological point of view, the anxiety level of mothers and Verify that it is reduced with this therapy.
In particular, the melodic and voiceless themes generate a greater well-being that positively influences, since, according to the tests carried out by the study, blood is transmitted to the baby with better properties. The incorporation of this method to the hospitals would not imply a high investment, and in addition it does not pose risks neither for the pregnant woman nor for the fetus, in front of other procedures where medication is resorted to.
The study measured this disorder during the gestation period, as well as before and after undergoing tests of the fetal heart monitor, and checking if the music was able to reduce it. The latter is a situation where pregnant women tend to have a lot of nerves in the face of the uncertainty of whether everything is going well, indicates to the Foundation Discover the nurse and doctor of Medical Sciences at the UAL, Jéssica García González. The answers verified that these melodies had relaxed the group that enjoyed them and that their level of anxiety had descended, compared to the group of women who did not listen to them.
(Photo: Discover Foundation)
A pretest and a posttest were performed on the 409 pregnant women who participated in the study, where around half were assigned to music therapy during the fetal heart monitor test and throughout the pregnancy. The data that was collected were statistically very significant: "The blood pressure and heart rate levels of the pregnant women were higher in the group that did not receive music therapy, which is a sign that they were more stressed and less relaxed ", Says the expert. All this is included in the article "State-trait anxiety levels during pregnancy and foetal parameters following intervention with music therapy" that can be consulted in the Journal of Affective Disorders.
The style of music was relaxing, instrumental and melodic, in which there were no voices. The album compiled seven songs that in total lasted 40 minutes and the sounds that prevailed were the treble, which are the best transmitted or heard by the baby through the abdomen, since his ear is fully developed after 24 weeks. Among the instruments include guitars, flute, piano, violin or cello. The compositions were created by an Argentine music therapist who works with pregnant women, young children and people with disabilities. In this country, for example, this discipline is very well established.
The research shows that the level of anxiety of pregnant women who take part in music therapy is reduced. "We believe that music therapy provides many benefits, not only to reduce anxiety, but to increase well-being and the relationship with the baby," explains the professor of Nursing at the University of Murcia. In addition, it ensures that it can be beneficial for the fetus, since they are moments that the mother dedicates to be with her son, to listen to the music and to be relaxed, which means that, through the umbilical cord, blood passes with more amount of oxygen and, therefore, of higher quality.
The potentialities are therefore very evident. "It is a totally harmless, cheap, innocuous technique, it is not pharmacological, with which, the health system is very useful," says the specialist. Not only have confirmed the utility it has for pregnant women and for the fetus, but also for intensive care units (ICU) of Pediatrics.
In this sense, Garcia says that there are hospitals that use it in children with low weight, or who are admitted to ICUs, and it has been proven that by generating relaxation and well-being, more oxygen enters the blood and they grow or recover more quickly.
The use of these techniques, according to the scientist, naturalizes the gestation process. "In Spain, pregnancy is very medicalized, very focused on the physical, testing and you do not get to enjoy it as such", stresses Jéssica García, who insists that it is not a disease, it is a natural state of life.
The Doctor of Medical Sciences highlights the importance of music at a social level in general. It has been used since always, however it is not conceived as a therapy. At the health level, it can be applied from birth to pregnancy, in degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, or in disorders such as schizophrenia. As benefits, the relaxing effect helps to release endorphins, which are the hormones of well-being and reduces the level of cortisol, which are the hormones that generate stress. (Source: Discover Foundation)
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