A plant compound helps alleviate the effects of snakebite
A plant compound helps alleviate the effects of snakebite
Researchers at the University of São Paulo (Brazil) have discovered, in a study conducted in mice, that a compound of plant origin, the routine, has therapeutic effects against the bite of the snake 'Bothrops jararaca', a known viper species as yararaca or lazy. The work has just been published in the magazine 'PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases'.
There are antivenom serums that can effectively treat the main manifestations caused by snakebites. However, effective therapies against other common secondary complications are not yet available. In the case of yararaca venom, it can cause hemorrhages, oxidative stress and even inhibit the body's ability to stop bleeding (coagulation).
Previously, researchers had studied the importance and role of tissue factor, an important protein in the coagulation system, during the 'Bothrops jararaca' poisoning. "We had observed in a work also with mice published in 2014 in 'PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases' that the tissue factor increases its activity in the blood during this poisoning. It is known that circulating tissue factor is important to activate coagulation and can bring complications to patients, "Marcelo Larami Santoro, one of the researchers, told DiCYT.
Bothrops jararaca. (Photo: Felipesussekind, Flickr, 2002)
As it is known that one of the mechanisms involved in the activation of tissue factor is the PDI enzyme (protein disulfide isomerase), they thought to use an inhibitor of this enzyme to neutralize its activation, as an auxiliary treatment to the antivenom serum. "One of the known inhibitors, non-toxic, with therapeutic activities already described, is routine, a flavonoid found in various plants and sold commercially," the researcher details.
The team tested it preliminarily, incubating it with the poison and injecting it into the mice, to test if it inhibited the symptoms of poisoning. They analyzed blood and tissue samples to understand what effects it had on the effects triggered by the 'Bothrops jararaca' venom.
The results indicate that the routine "has a great potential as an auxiliary drug in combination with antivenom therapy to treat snake bites, especially in countries where the availability of antivenom is scarce."
The study also shows that poisoning by yararaca induces important alterations that until then had not been overly studied, such as oxidative stress or increased tissue factor activity, "which further demonstrates the complexity of ophidian poisoning."
However, more studies will be necessary to understand the activity of the routine once the venom has initiated the pathophysiological events that it produces, as well as the therapeutic effects of the routine administered together with the antivenom serum. (Source: CGP / DICYT)
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