10 myths about HPV

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10 myths about HPV







About 14 million women and men are infected with the human papillomavirus, or HPV, every year in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.



The HPV vaccine is trying to change that. Only two injections can protect both boys and girls from the most dangerous strains of HPV, and the cancers they cause. Now it is recommended for many adults up to 45 years old.



New research conducted by Merck that included some 3,200 adult women showed that the vaccine is effective in the prevention of infections, genital warts, precancerous vulvar and vaginal lesions, cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer related to HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18. This new recommendation is Be sure to generate discussion, but there is still confusion about what the vaccine does and why it is recommended.



Here are 10 common myths about HPV:





1. HPV is rare



The strains of HPV cause the most common sexually transmitted infections in the world and are responsible for almost all cases of cervical cancer, according to the Academy of Family Physicians. As a group, HPV virus types add up to more than 100, but not all can lead to cancer.





2. HPV can be transmitted through the air.



HPV is transmitted through contact with infected skin or mucous membranes. Common sites include the mouth, anus, vagina, cervix, and penis.





Peter Dazeley / Getty Images
The vaccine against the human papilloma virus is shown in this undated photo.



3. There is only one type of HPV that can cause cancer



HPV types are subdivided into two categories: low risk (associated with genital warts) and high risk (associated with cervical lesions and cancer). Types 6 and 11 are associated with genital warts, while types 1, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58 are associated with genital cancers.



In general, our bodies eliminate HPV viruses when they are exposed to them: a person who has had a wart that disappeared, for example, saw his body overcoming a type of HPV.





4. If you are exposed to HPV, you will know



A wart will usually appear three weeks to eight months after an infection, and most people who get HPV do not know they are infected and do not develop symptoms. Some of those who are infected find out after a genital wart appears or the result of a Pap test, which, in the worst case, reveals cancer.





5. If someone has been previously infected with HPV, no new recommendations apply



The HPV vaccine known as Gardasil protects against nine different strains. Although previous recommendations for vaccines focused on children before they are sexually active, the Food and Drug Administration now says that adults aged 27 to 45 can also benefit. Even if those people have been previously infected with a strain, one vaccine could prevent against the other eight.





6. Smokers are protected against HPV.


Actually, there is an association between cancer related to HPV and smoking.





Kateryna Kon / Science Photo Library through Getty Images
In this undated photo, a computer illustration of human papillomavirus (HPV) is shown.



7. Hiring HPV means you can not retract it.


There are more than 100 strains of HPV. Having immunity to a single strain does not prevent one person from becoming infected with another.





8. The HPV vaccine is only for girls.


The vaccine has been recommended for anyone between 9 and 26 years of age, and now that recommendation is even wider.





9. Vaccination means that women do not need routine Pap tests


According to the American College of Gynecology and Obstetrics, women should still receive routine exams every three years if they are under 30.





10. If you are not having sex, do not worry about that.


Any genital contact can spread an HPV infection, so anyone with a sexual history could be at risk. Having more sexual partners, and having sex at a younger age, may increase the overall risk.





Dr. Tambetta Ojong is a family medicine resident at SUNY Downstate Medical Center and a member of the ABC News Medical Unit.

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